First Nation's Principles of Ownership, Control, Access & Possession

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The First Nations principles of OCAP (Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession) were developed in the 1990s by the National Steering Committee of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC). Enshrined in 1998, OCAP ensures that First Nations communities have full authority over data collection, use, and management concerning their people. These principles apply across Canada, primarily guiding researchers, governments, and organizations working with First Nations data. They are honored by Indigenous organizations, health agencies, and Academic institutions seeking to respect First Nations' data sovereignty and self-determination in research, governance, and policy-making.

https://fnigc.ca/ocap-training/

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