Galster & Schwartz 1990 ediz hook case study erosion and mitigation
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Galster, Richard W., and Maurice L. Schwartz. “Ediz Hook—A Case History of Coastal Erosion and Rehabilitation.” Journal of Coastal Research, no. 6, 1990, pp. 103–113. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44779888. Accessed 9 Apr. 2021.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/44779888
Ediz Hook has developed into a 5.6-km-long spit during the Holocene. The available sediment supply has been reduced in this century, from 260,000 m³/yr to 31,000 m³/yr by damming of the Elwha River and protecting the base of an eroding sea cliff, updrift (west) of the spit. Serious erosion necessitated some mitigating action, and in 1977-1978 a project combining rock revetment and beach nourishment was initiated at a cost of $5,600,000. Further rehabilitation, in 1985 at a cost of $970,000, has essentially stabilized the spit. Further beach nourishment will be provided as needed.